Small molecule pharmaceuticals for the treatment of heart disease, blood pressure, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, diabetes, obesity, mitochondrial disease, autoimmune diseases, hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, neurological diseases, allergies and asthma, hepatic disease, pulmonary disease, renal disease, infectious diseases, pain, peripheral neuropathy, inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, ulcerative colitis, atopic dermatitis, plaque psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Crohn’s disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, age-related diseases, rare diseases, and pediatric diseases in humans