Platform-as-a-service (PaaS) services featuring computer software platforms for programming and running software on quantum qubit-based computers; cloud computing services featuring software for data and source code processing in the field of quantum qubit-based computing; Software as a service (SaaS) services featuring software for constructing, analyzing and running quantum qubit-based programs and quantum qubit-based algorithms; application service provider featuring application programming interface (API) software for use in quantum qubit-based programming and developing and testing quantum qubit-based algorithms, API software for developing and testing quantum qubit-based algorithms; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for quantum qubit-based programming and quantum qubit-based computing; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for solving quantum qubit-based algorithms, simulation of quantum qubit-based processes, quantum qubit-based machine learning, quantum qubit-based analytics, quantum qubit-based search analysis, solving quantum qubit-based mathematical problems; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for sensing, acquiring, analyzing, processing, storing, or providing quantum qubit-level information