Medical and surgical instruments, namely, balloon implants of artificial materials, bladder implants of artificial materials, biodegradable and bioabsorbable implants of artificial materials, balloon catheters, expandable and inflatable tissue extractors, expandable and inflatable tissue dissectors, expandable and inflatable radiation screening devices, expandable and inflatable tissue displacement devices, expandable and inflatable tissue separating devices and expandable and inflatable implant-to-tissue fixators; surgical instrument kits containing balloon implants of artificial materials and accessories thereof, namely, introduction needles, echogenic needles, hydro-dissection instruments, extension tubes, dilators, delivery needles and sheaths; medical systems and devices for introducing, deploying and controlling balloons inside a human body, namely, medical needles, trocars, medical syringes, medical dilators, external guiding templates, implant fixators, handheld introducers, and handles