Medical apparatus for in vitro diagnostic testing to detect, diagnose, screen, and confirm infectious disease, respiratory infection, pregnancy, ovulation, cardiovascular disease, hospital acquired infection, blood borne pathogens, enterics, vector borne pathogens, sexually transmitted infection, tropical disease infection, cancer, drugs, and alcohol; medical apparatus for the detection, diagnosis, screening, and confirmation of infectious disease, respiratory infection, pregnancy, ovulation, cardiovascular disease, hospital acquired infection, blood borne pathogens, enterics, vector borne pathogens, sexually transmitted infection, tropical disease infection, cancer, drugs, and alcohol; medical diagnostic test kits consisting primarily of probes, buffers, and reagents for use in testing for infectious disease, respiratory infection, pregnancy, ovulation, cardiovascular disease, hospital acquired infection, blood borne pathogens, enterics, vector borne pathogens, sexually transmitted infection, tropical disease infection, cancer, drugs, and alcohol; medical apparatus for testing blood, human serum, plasma, urine, other biological fluids, and tissue; medical kits for testing for the presence of antigens in blood, human serum, plasma, urine, other biological fluids, and tissue; medical apparatus for conducting chromatographic immunoassay tests; testing kits comprised of blood collection needles and tubes for detecting alcohol and drugs; drug and alcohol testing devices, namely, alcohol breath test units; drug and alcohol testing cups, namely, multi-drug and alcohol testing cups for drug and alcohol use testing purposes