Surveying, signalling and checking apparatus and instruments, namely, embedded and external GPS navigation devices and baro-altimeter sensors; data processing equipment, namely, interrogators and transponders for use in defense operations; computer software for use in defense operations, in relation to Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) systems featuring advanced field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, interrogators and transponders for vehicle tracking and air traffic safety and management; transponders; transponder units; interrogators, namely, radio transmitters and receivers; decoding apparatus; encoding apparatus; data encryption apparatus, namely, internal pressure sensors, altitude encoding units and embedded and external cryptographic systems; encryption software; electronic and electric encryption units; radio frequency identification devices and transmitters, namely, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and detectors; secure identification devices, namely, encoded identification tags and detectors in the nature of metal detectors for use in relation to IFF systems and defense operations; tracking apparatus and instruments, namely, automatic sensors for tracking military vehicles and personnel; GPS transmitters; electronic and electric devices, namely, vehicle and personnel locating, tracking and security systems compromised of embedded and external cryptographic features and software-defined radio (SDR) techniques, to enable secure identification and tracking of vehicles and personnel