Electric, electronic and optical instruments, namely, Multiplexer, De-multiplexer, Add/Drop Multiplexer, Optical Line Termination (OLT) in the nature of terminal, Optical Network Termination (ONT) in the nature of terminal, Optical Network Unit (ONU) in the nature of terminal, Switch, Router, Media Converter, Network Interface Device (NID) in the nature of terminal, Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) in the nature of terminal, Virtual Customer Premises Equipment (vCPE) in the nature of router, Provider Edge Device (PE) in the nature of router and the software that controls, manages and monitors the operation of such instruments which are used in the processing, controlling, filtering, converting, routing, switching, monitoring, transmission and transport of digital and analog data, voice and video in local and wide area networks and communications and telecommunication networks, over fiber-optical and metallic cabling, free-space optics, radio-waves and microwaves for usage by telecom service providers, cable operators, data center operators and enterprise users in office, demarcation hand-off, aggregation points and central office applications