Electronic tagging; electronic tags; radio frequency identification tags (RFID tags); global positioning system (GPS) apparatus; electrical tracking apparatus including biologging apparatus; radio signalling instruments for use in tracking; accelerometers; accelerometers integrated with global positioning apparatus; accelerometers for monitoring health, welfare, bio-security and theft of animals; electrical switching apparatus; data capture apparatus; data capture instruments; apparatus for data processing; data collection apparatus; data collection apparatus incorporating LED displays; apparatus for data storage; apparatus for data transmitting; data stored for access by computer programs; parts and accessories in this class for the aforesaid goods; application software for tracking animals including biologging application software; computer software products for use with the aforesaid goods; data processing software; Wireless-enabled tracking apparatus utilising short-range communication technology; Proximity-based digital tracking devices for monitoring and data transmission; Near-field communication (NFC) tags and devices; Biometric sensors; Temperature sensors for animal health monitoring; Wireless communication sensor/ apparatus for data transmission; Telemetry sensor/ apparatus for animal tracking and health monitoring; Environmental monitoring sensors for use with animals; Compliance tracking sensor/ apparatus for animal regulations; Data processing sensor/ apparatus for compliance with sustainability and deforestation regulations; Electronic devices for tracking and verifying animal origin and supply chain compliance; Apparatus for ensuring traceability of livestock from origin to market; Blockchain-enabled systems for recording sustainability data in livestock management; Devices incorporating solar-powered or renewable energy technology for animal monitoring.