Electronic and optical security labels; electronic labels for genuine product certification; electronic code readers for genuine product certification; bar code labels, encoded; electronic authentication tags; electronic authentication stickers; electronic authentification labels; identification labels, encoded; machine-readable identification labels; image scanning apparatus; readers [data processing equipment]; programmable digital read-out units; scanners for reading 1D/2D/3D code; software for reading 1D/2D/3D code; data processing programs recorded on machine-readable data carriers; software for creating 1D/2D/3D code; printers for printing 1D/2D/3D code; software for optical character recognition; optical character readers; software for the identification and authentication of goods or signs; bar code automatic identification software; software for scanning images and documents; software for reading 1D or 2D free-form code; software for reading transparent or translucent 2D code; software for 1D or 2D code multi-recognition; electronic coding units; smart tag readers.