Medical and surgical devices for applying electro magnetic energy, radio frequency energy and microwave frequency energy to human or animal tissue and organs; medical and surgical laparoscopes and catheters; medical and surgical aspirators; medical and surgical knives and cutters for cutting human or animal tissue and organs; medical and surgical implantable stents and shunts and parts and fittings therefore, namely medical sensors for measuring medical parameters including temperatures, pressures, fluid flow rates, biological and chemical conditions and marker substances inside humans, animals, tissue and organs, and antennae therefore for communicating with remote medical devices outside the human or animal body, and medical devices for communicating with and controlling implantable medical stents, shunts and sensors; medical devices for heating up stents; medical and surgical parts and fittings for laparoscopes, catheters and introducers; surgical and medical apparatus and instruments