Computer hardware; computer terminals and computer software for use in the financial services, banking and telecommunications industries for authorization, clearing and settlement of financial transactions; Electrical apparatus and instruments, namely, magnetic coded and electronic data carrier card readers for the registration, transmission, reproduction of data including sound and images; [ apparatus for payment, namely, personal digital assistants, cellular phones, set top boxes; ] data processing equipment, namely, computer terminals and computer software for financial applications; Systems for reading memory cards and systems for reading data in memories featuring integrated circuit memories and banking card memories; Cash dispensing machines, namely, automated teller machines; Coded cards namely, magnetic cards and cards featuring integrated circuits, in particular, for financial applications; Apparatus for reading cards, namely, computer dial terminals, [ printing apparatus, namely, computer printers for data processing systems and financial transaction systems; ] Encoders and decoders, namely, magnetic coded cards, electronic data carrier cards, magnetic coded card readers, electronic data carrier cards readers, electronic encryption units